Posts

Credit Card Fraud Detection

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It is important that credit card companies are able to recognize fraudulent credit card transactions so that customers are not charged for items that they did not purchase.  The datasets contains transactions made by credit cards in September 2013 by european cardholders.  This dataset presents transactions that occurred in two days, where we have 492 frauds out of 284,807 transactions. The dataset is highly unbalanced, the positive class (frauds) account for 0.172% of all transactions. It contains only numerical input variables which are the result of a PCA transformation. Unfortunately, due to confidentiality issues, we cannot provide the original features and more background information about the data. Features V1, V2, … V28 are the principal components obtained with PCA, the only features which have not been transformed with PCA are 'Time' and 'Amount'. Feature 'Time' contains the seconds elapsed between each transaction and the first transaction in the data

Exploring Project Euler (76 & 187)

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 This weeks blog post will be another continuation of my Project Euler series.   As a reference, I've once again included a link to my first post on this topic where I give an overview.   This post will be dealing with two problems that I worked on, specifically problems 76 and 187.  I will give a brief overview of each problem before diving into the concepts they discuss and my methodology for solving them. Below is the first problem I will be discussing, number 76.  Initially, this seems like a large undertaking.  After all, there are nearly one million pandigital numbers, so checking each one for primality would take quite some time.  This is especially true because we would be examining large numbers first, which generally take longer to check for primality.  There are a few ways that the scope of this problem can be drastically narrowed down though.  The first and most important is by simply adding up the digits.  Since all of the pandigital numbers contain the same digits in

Exploring Project Euler (52 & 54)

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This weeks blog post will be another continuation of my Project Euler series.   As a reference, I've once again included a link to my first post on this topic where I give an overview.   This post will be dealing with two problems that I worked on, specifically problems 52 and 54.  I will give a brief overview of each problem before diving into the concepts they discuss and my methodology for solving them. Below is the first problem I will be discussing, number 52.  As can be seen from the title of the problem on the Project Euler archive, this question deals with a phenomenon known as pandigital prime numbers.  This is a number which contains all of the integers from 1 to n exactly once where n is a given base and is also prime.  Zero is generally included in these numbers, but this question has specifically requested we start with one.  An example of a pandigital number under this definition would be 123, in the case that n = 3.  This is not, however, a pandigital prime because i

Exploring Project Euler (46 & 51)

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I've decided to continue on with the second installment of my Project Euler series in this most recent blog post, with this one conforming more to the structure that can be expected from now on.  As a reference, I've included a link to my first post on this topic where I give an overview.   This post will be dealing with two problems that I worked on, specifically problems 46 and 51.  I will give a brief overview of each problem before diving into the concepts they discuss and my methodology for solving them. Below is the first problem I will be discussing, number 46.   This problem is a bit more complex than others that I have attempted so far.  The above gives two examples that are actually quite useful in solving the problem.  Normally Project Euler problems will opt to show a more elementary version of the problem they would like us to solve.  For example they might show a summation of the numbers one through ten and then request the sum of one to one thousand.  In this ins

Exploring Project Euler (41 & 48)

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This weeks blog post will be another continuation of my Project Euler series.   As a reference, I've once again included a link to my first post on this topic where I give an overview.   This post will be dealing with two problems that I worked on, specifically problems 41 and 48.  I will give a brief overview of each problem before diving into the concepts they discuss and my methodology for solving them. Below is the first problem I will be discussing, number 41.  As can be seen from the title of the problem on the Project Euler archive, this question deals with a phenomenon known as pandigital prime numbers.  This is a number which contains all of the integers from 1 to n exactly once where n is a given base and is also prime.  Zero is generally included in these numbers, but this question has specifically requested we start with one.  An example of a pandigital number under this definition would be 123, in the case that n = 3.  This is not, however, a pandigital prime because i

Exploring Project Euler (27 & 29)

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  I've decided to continue on with the second installment of my Project Euler series in this most recent blog post, with this one conforming more to the structure that can be expected from now on.  As a reference, I've included a link to my first post on this topic where I give an overview.   This post will be dealing with two problems that I worked on, specifically problems 27 and 29.  I will give a brief overview of each problem before diving into the concepts they discuss and my methodology for solving them. Below is the first problem I will be discussing, number 27.   This problem is a bit more complex than others that I have attempted so far.  The above gives two examples that are actually quite useful in solving the problem.  Normally Project Euler problems will opt to show a more elementary version of the problem they would like us to solve.  For example they might show a summation of the numbers one through ten and then request the sum of one to one thousand.  In this i

Intro: Exploring Project Euler (#25)

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This blog post marks a slight change in direction for me, as well as the introduction to what I hope will become a series here: "Exploring Project Euler."  It is my intention to publish multiple posts on this topic, so if you see some variation of that title multiple times on this blog just know that (1) these are distinct but loosely related posts, and (2) this particular post is the first installment, where I will dedicate some time to introducing and explaining the concept behind this series.  I plan on linking to this blog at the beginning of each subsequent post to prevent any confusion.   To begin with, I will give an overview of what Project Euler is exactly.  It is a website dedicated to hosting a number of computation problems that can be solved using computer programming.  I will specifically be examining the archives which, as of this writing, contain 736 of these problems.  An interesting detail concerning these problems is that they are not listed randomly, but i